Peripheral motor machine



Feb.5 1929. 1,701,443

P. L. CROWE PERIPHERAL MOTOR MACHINE Filed July 19, 1926 s Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 5, 1929. 1,701,443

- P. L. CROWE PERIPHERAL MOTOR MACHINE Filed July 19, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb. 5, 1929. 1,701,443

P. L. CROWE PERIPHERAL MOTOR MACHINE Filed July 19, 1926 a Sheets-Sheet 3 I i W F' 9. J r jg la 1w L Patented Feb; 5, 1929.

" UNITED-STA PATENT OFF PAUL n. CROWE,':'O'F.IBALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

PERIPHERAL MOTOR MACHINE Application filed J'u1y 19, 1926. Serial no. 123,519."

This invention relates to electrically driven machines in general, and more'pa'rticularly to peripheral electric grinders'or crushers.

Heretotore, machines of this character have been driven by means of electricmotors either geared or belted thereto, and this frequently gives rise to difficulties as to. space and mounting, and tovarious mechanical 1 complications.

One of the objects o'lithe present inve ntion is to simplify and improve electrically operated machines, and at the same time reduce the1r costof construction and render them more compact. Tothis end, I propose to entirely avoid the use of aseparate, motor by building the motor as a structural part of.

the machine to be driven. This motorpreferably takes the form of co-operating annular members mounted at the periphery, or largest diameter. of the rotary machine to be driven. In this way, the central portion or space within-the annular members or rings is left free for the accommodation of. the grinding or other mechanism being'operated.

A further object'is to so constructthe annular members, that such members ,or. rings for the stator and rotor 'shall be 'demountable ant interchangeable, whereby-motor rings having any desired type of winding may be assembled on any particular'majchine, as required. i i I j Another-object of the invent-ionjis toprovvide an electrically driven grindingmachine which is provided with-[two sets ofgr'ind'ingelements, either of which may be used, at, will,'and which is reversible in space, so that it may be operated either en d-up,.iasdesired.

Still anothe'r objectof the-invention istoconstruct a combined fan or blower. and material feeding device,v and so arrange. this fan within: the grinder casing that it serves to create an air blast to force the material throughythe grinder and carry the-pulvere ized material from the grinder througha dis- .charge pipe. p Figure. 1 is central :vertical section through my improved motor driven machine showing one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 2 is a side elevation of my improved' grinding spindle; r

' Figure 3 is an inverted plan view of the device shown in Figure 1, being broken away;

Figure 4: showing one of my improved motor rings;

is a-rfragmentary side elevation and transverse sectionalviews respectively,

illustrating a slightly modified construction of one of the motor rings or elements;

. Figures 12 and13 are similar views show ing a stillfurther modified arrangement of 1 motor elements; 1 I Figures 14 and 15 are plan and edge views respectively, of a bearing'washer which I may employ, if desired; and

Figure16 1s a transverse section through a i modified grinding element which Imay employ infconnection with the device shown in F gure 9.

Referring to the drawings ini detail, the

illustrated embodiment of my improved elecsof tric motor driven grinding machine comprises a pair of opposed cup-shaped or bowl shaped casingmembers 1 and 2, arranged on a common vertical axis. Extending axially from these casing members arenecks 3 and 4, bothofwhichare internally. screw threaded withfthreadsof the same pitch,as indi 'cated at. 3* and 4", and theupper neck .3

is preferably also externally screw threaded to receive the endofadelivery pipe or conduit qTh-is pipe'gor conduit 5 being. fixed orstationary serves as-a support to which the 3 grind in it is suspended.

gmachine isatt'ached and tromwhich At the opposed adjacent edges of the two cup-shaped-casingmembers 1 and 2 are pro.

,.vided annular flanges '6, forming seatslfor the reception of my. improved magnetic r ngs or motor elements; These elements are designated at? and 8', and comprise rings firmly mounted within theflanges '6 of the respective casing members and disposed in parallel planes with their adjacent edges spaced slightly apart to constitute an air gap.

7, is shown:in perspective in Figure 8, and I by reference'tofthis figure, it; will be seen e of these members, such s the member llu" that the ring comprises a laminated structure formed by coiling up a ribbon of magnetic material such as soft iron. An annular series 01 radially extending openings 9 is formed through the ring 7, adjacent the lower edge thereof, and slots 9 preferably extend from these openings to the lower face or the ring. These openings and slots are also shown in Figure 1.

In the openings and slots thus formed, is placed a suitable winding otinsulated wire, the exact nature of which forms no part of my invention. This winding may be twophase or three-phane, but, for small machines, is preferably single-phase, and is wound in the openings and slots, as indicated at 11, in Figure 1, in such a manner as to produce any desired number o1 poles. Where singlaphase is employed, the winding is preferably arranged as a split-phase winding in a manner well known in the art, so to render the motor selt' starting. The terminals of the winding are brought out and-secured to insulated binding posts 13, to which the current leads may be connected. in the embodiment shown, the ring 7, with its windin constitutes the stator element or my improved motor.

The peripheral rotor element comprises a magnetic ring 8, substantially similar to the rm" 7, except that the slots 9*, ext Jng from the radial openings to the face oi; the

ring, may be omitted. In these radial openings are set conductor bars 10, the outer and inner ends of these bars'being united by end rings 12 and 14, thus constituting, in effect, a squirrel cage armature. This is best illustrated in Figure 5.

The rotorand stator constituting my improved motor, as above described, arcanechanically united and held in operative relation by means of a central spindle 15, formed in two sections, rigidly connected by means of an interlocking joint, as shown at 15 in Figure 2. This spindle is hollow and the sections are held together by means or a rod 16*, extending longitudinallytherethrougli trom end to end, and provided its ends with screw threads which arsengaged by conical caps or nuts 16. At each end of the spindle 15, adjacent the nuts 16, is formed a grinding member 17, preferably conical in form, and constituting a continuation of the conical nut 16. The nuts 16 and grinding members 1'7 have suitable grinding teeth or serrations termed on their outer surfaces in the usual or any desired manner. Mounted within and substantially filling the interior of each casing member 1 and 2 is a special tan device 18, best shown in ures 5, 6 and 7. These fan devices are re versely arranged andtheir outer periphery is spherical, as indicated'at 18 in Figure 7, so as to lit snugly within the bowl-shaped casing members. Each tan device isprovided with a central opening 18, adapted to snugly lit the spindle 15, and with a hub member 18" adjacent one end. When seen in end elevation or plan, as shown in Figure 5, each an device is provided with a plurality of radial slots 18, 18 18 etc, and each of these slots extends spirally through the body or the fan device. As shown in Figure 7,.each slot extends substantially 1530 around the axis, but the exact inclination of the slots is not important and may be varied, as found most suitable. The'end of the tan device opposite the hub 18 is somewhat concave, as indicated at 18 in Figure 7, and as shown in Figure 1. By reference to Fig-- ure 6, it will be seen that the slots above re: terredto extend out through this concave end, so that these slots a e completely open from one end to the other. The sides of the slots are closed by the walls 01 the casingmembers 1 and 2.

it will be understood that the tan devices are mounted within and rigidly'secured to the respective casing membersl and 2, as by means of screws 19. The hub portions of the tan devicesare assembled on the spindle 15, as shown in Figure 1, and anti-friction bearings 20 are interposed between the end oteach fan device and the adjacent grinder head 17, while similar anti-friction bearing 21is interposed between the meeting ends otthe two hub portions 18 of the fans, all as shown'in Figure 1. I

As so far described, the spindle 15, with its grindingheads, is free to revolve inside of tie upper tan device 18, which is carried by the fixed casing 1. Whenthe apparatus is arranged as illustrated in Figure 1, however, it is necessary to lock the spindle 15 and grinding heads against rotation, and this is accomplished by means of a U-shaped locking key 22, which is slipped down over the upper grinder head 17 and enters sockets 23, formed in the upper fan device. The arms or the U-shaped key; engage the flutes or corruga tions at the sides of the grinding head and thus hold it rigid with the upper fan device;

lVhile I have referred to the devices shown in Figures 5,6 and '4 as "tan'devices, it will now be understood that one of these devicesdoes not rotate, but remains stationary and serves simply as a feeding device or distributor through which the material flows. As shown in thedrawing, the upper one stationary but obviously either one may be arranged to rotate, whilethe opposite one remains sta tionary.

In order to efiect the grinding or pulverizing of the material, 1 provide a grinding member 2 1, constructed to cooperate with one of the grinding heads 17; As shown in Figure 1, this grinding member 24 is in the na ture of a cylindrical block, provided on its outer surface with threads adapted toengage I the threads t? of the neclr 4: of the casing,

.tion4 to the desired'extent.

. This grinder member is provided with a central tapering opening having suitable teeth or corrugations 25, and is also formed on its upper surface around such opening with radially extending flutes or corrugations 25, all of tlieseteeth or corrugations constituting grinding surfaces adapted to cooperate with the'complementar grinding surfaces on the head 17.

The operation of the device may be described briefly as follows. Suitable alternating current being supplied to the binding posts 13 will pass through the winding 11 and will set up in the uppermagnetic ring or stator 7, a rotating field. This, in turn, will induce currents in the conductor bars 10 of the squirrel cage structure carried by the lower ring or armature 8, and this armature will thus be caused to revolve. With the armature 8, the lower casing member 2, and the lower fan device 18 contained therein,also rotate, while the central spindle 15, with its. g I

either one of wh ch may be used for grind- 'ing, I may embody the same principle in a two grinding heads, remains stationary.

Granular material to be'pulverized, such,

for example, as coal, being fed through the" of the slots of this fan device, thematerial issues and is subjected tothe crushing and grinding action of the fixed grinder-head 17, and the cooperating rotary'g'rlnding mem ber 24. The material is pulverized and passes down between the two grindingmembers and is discharged from the machine.

As above intimated, the grinding member 24 is made so as to be interchangeable between the necks 3 and If,'therefore, it be desired to grind at the upper endf of my improved machine, rather than atthelower end, as described, the following change is. made. The grinding member 24:is un-, screwed and taken out-from'the neck. 4, and the key' 22 isremoved from the position shown in Figure 1, and is. inserted in a similar po- 1 sition at the lower end of the; spindle, "This looks the spindle and grinding members to the lower casing member and causes them-to rotate with it. The grinding'member 24 is then screwed into the upperlend of the neck 3, shown in dotted lines in Figure 1, and "is adjusted until it is the proper distance from the upper grinder head 17. The face of the grinding member 24, oppositethefiutes 2 5,

is preferablyformedwith a'conical depression, as shown, and the walls of this depression are corrugated or provided with grinding teeth, as indicated at 26. When; therefore,

=ed in this manner might be employed for either a stator or rotor as deslred, the ele'-, ment, when used for a rotor, having winding erates with the conical capor nut 16 at the upper end of the spindle to effect a crushing and grinding operation. The crushed material then passes down betweenthe grinding head and the grinding surface 25 of the member 24, and is furtherpulverized or commi nuted. The powdered material from the 'grindingme mbers then passes down through the stationary and rotary fan or distributing members 18, and out through the open lower end of the casing. It will thus be seen that grinding may be accomplished at either the upper or lower'end of the device, as desired,

and that the grindingmem'ber 24, and locking .key 22, may be mounted at either end of the casing, as required. Y

The rotary fan device 18 mounted in the casing member 2, tends to set up air currents which serve to force the material down through the grinding device, and it also serves todraw air in through the air gap between the rotor elements so as to prevent the escape or accumulation of dust at this point, and keep the motor cool. i

While Iha'veshown and described a grinding device comprising two similar ends.

.ing across the same and adapted to support the central shaft 16' by means of nuts 30.

The spindle 15 is made shorter, and theifan device 18 is provided with an elongated hub 18, which engages the anti-friction bearing 20. A delivery pipe '5 is screwed into the connecting ring 1.

While. in Figure 1 I have shown the. end

rings 12 and 14 as extending up beyond the. air gap between themotor elements, I' may:

make these rings flush withthe surface of the. magnetic member, if desired, as shown in FigureslO and 11. r f 7 "Also, while Ihave' described the motor elements 7 and 8 as each provided with either a.

winding or a squirrel cage structureonly, I

may,'in some cases, provide a motor element such as 28 in Figures12 and 13, both with a squirrel cage structure 10, 12, 14, and with openings 29 and slots 29, in which a winding may be placed." A motorelenient constructshort -circuit'ed'- on itself'to aid th'e action oi the squirrel cage structure.

' While in Figures 1 and 9 I have shown the instead, as shown'at 31 in Figures 14 and 15.

' .In Figure 16,1 have illustrated a modified 7 construction of grinding member, designated 2i, and having an upper fluted surface This grinding member may be employed in place of the member 24, in some cases.

What I claim is 1. A grinding machine comprising a bowlshaped casing mounted to rotate on a vertical axis, grinding members at the lower end of said casing, a tan member secured to the in side of and substantially filling said casing above said grinding members, a fixed top or cover above said casing, means tor feeding material to be ound down through said cover onto said no member, and cooperating electric motor elements carried by said casing and cover, respectively.

2. A grinding machine comprising a casing formed of a oair of opposed similar cupshaped members mounted on a common vertical axis, the upper member being lined and the lower, rotary, stator and rotor elements of an electric motor carried by the adjacent edges of said fixed and rotary members re- Spcctively, and co-operatin ined and rotary grinding members at the bUCLOln of the lower cup. 7

3. A grinding machine con'iprising a -cas-, ing formed of a pair of opposed similar cupshaped members mounted on a common vertical axis, the upper member lined and the lower rotary, rotor means carried by said members whereby the lower is driven, a spindle extending centrally througl'i said casing and carrying a grinding member at each end, and means whereby a co-operating grinding member may be mounted adjacent the grind- I ing member at either end of said spindle,

desired.

4:. A grinding machine comprising a casing formed of a pair of opposed similar cupshaped members mounted on a common verti-cal axis, the upper member being fixed and the lower rotary, motor means carried by said members whereby the lower is driven, a spindle extending centrally through said casing and carrying a grinding member at each end, means whereby said spindle may be locked to either the fixed casing member,-to remain stationary, or to the rotary casing to rotate therewith, and means whereby a complementary grinding member maybe mounted in either the fixed or rotary 7 member to co perate with either or carried by said spindle, as desired. [a grinding machine comprising a casin termed of a pair of opposed similar cupsnaped members mounted on acommon vertical axis, the upper member being fixed and the lower up i .ry, motor means carried by l members whereby the lower is driven, a spindle enten 'ng centrally through said casing and carrying a grinding member at each end, means whereby said. spindle may be locked to either the fixed casing member, to remain stationary,or to the rotary casing member, to rotate therewiti, a c mplemem tarry grinding member, and means whereby said complementary grinding member may be mounted in the fixed casing member to co-operate with the upper spindle grinder, when the spindle is locked to the rotary casing member, or be mounted in the rotary casmember to co-operate with the lower spindle grinder when the spindle islocked to the fixed casing member.

6. The combination with a machine having rotary raising, and a shaft on which it is supported of an electric motor element peripherally mounted on said casing, a cooperating electric motor element mounted on a fined support adjacent said first element, said motor elements being spaced from said shaft to provide between themselves and the shaft a channel through which material may pass, and material treating mechanism mounted within said casing.

7. The combination with a machine haying a rotary casing, of an electric motor element peripherally i'nounted on said casing, a c0- operating electric motor element mounted on a fixed support adjacent said first element and in aplane parallel therewith, but spaced axially therefrom, and material treating mocha sin mounted Wll'illlll'sitlfl casing, and

enci led by said motor elements.)v

8. The combination with a machine hava rotary, bowl-shaped casing, of an an nular electric motor element removably mounted on the rim of said bowl-shaped casing, a second annular electric motor element mounted on a fixed support adjacent said first element, said annular motor elements having an entirely free and unobstructed interior, and material treating mechanism enclosed within said casing and electric motor elements. I r

9. The combination with a machine having a casing comprising opposed cu a-shaped fixed and rotary members mounted on a common axis, and parallel annular electric motor elements removably mounted at the adjacent edges of said cup-shaped members, said electric motor elements having no part projecting into the interior of said cup shaped members, and material treating mechanism enclosed within said cup shaped members 10. The combination with a machine havthe treated material.

p in testimony whereof l aii'ix my signature,

a V .PAUL L, (JRGWE, 

